Q Fever is caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnetii, which is typically transmitted to humans from animals, often via inhalation of contaminated dust. It can infect multiple organs and lead to chronic infections in some individuals.
Laboratory Tests
Serology: To detect antibodies against Coxiella burnetii in the blood.
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): To detect bacterial DNA in blood or tissue samples.
Blood Cultures: To identify the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream, although this is less common.
Imaging Studies
Chest X-ray: To look for signs of pneumonia or other lung involvement.
Echocardiography: To check for endocarditis (infection of the heart valves), especially in chronic cases.
Ultrasound: To assess the liver and spleen for any enlargement or abnormalities.
High fever.
Severe headache.
Muscle pain.
Chills and sweats.
Fatigue.
Cough.
Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.
Abdominal pain.
Chest pain (in chronic cases due to endocarditis).
Treatment of Q fever primarily involves antibiotics. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications.
Acute Q Fever: Doxycycline is the antibiotic of choice, usually administered for 2 weeks.
Chronic Q Fever: Combination of doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine for 18-24 months.
Pain relievers to manage symptoms.
Rest and hydration to support recovery.
Monitoring and managing complications, such as endocarditis, which may require additional medical interventions.